Australia lifts restrictions for women in combat roles

Tuesday, September 27, 2011 0 comments

Australian women will soon be able to serve alongside their male counterparts in front-line combat roles -- a notable shift in the push for gender equality in professions historically dominated by men.

The change will be phased in over a five-year period, Australia's government announced Tuesday.

Ultimately, women will be allowed to apply to serve as Navy ordnance disposal divers, airfield and ground defense guards, and in infantry, artillery, and armored units, according to the Australian Defence Ministry.

Government officials insist that women will be judged in the same manner as men: not on their gender, but on their ability to do the job.

''I was just elated" by the news, said Australian servicewoman Natalie Sambhi, according to a story in the Sydney Morning Herald. "'To serve on the front line ... (is) something I've wanted so badly."

As of last month, 335 women were serving in the Australian military's international military operations -- 10% of that country's total overseas deployment.

Australia's decision will make it one of only a few countries in the developed world with no restrictions for women in combat.

Canada, Germany, South Korea, France, Spain, New Zealand, Denmark and Israel formally allow women to serve in combat roles, according to the Strategic Studies Institute and the Israel Defense Forces.

In the U.S. military, women are barred from units that engage in direct combat on the ground. Regardless, some American women have served in combat situations with ground units in Iraq and Afghanistan -- a reflection of the changing nature of warfare and the disappearance of the kind of front lines that existed in conflicts such as World War II and Korea.

Among other things, the U.S. military has created teams of female Marines and soldiers who patrol with their male counterparts in Iraq and Afghanistan, and interact with local women in ways that the military said would be culturally unacceptable for male soldiers.

In Iraq, American female soldiers trained as cooks also were awarded combat action badges after being pressed into duty in other areas that exposed them to battle, according to the U.S. Military Leadership Diversity Commission, which has proposed ending the ban on women serving in direct combat roles.

More than 140 American women have been killed in Iraq and Afghanistan, according to the Pentagon.

Under current Defense Department rules, U.S. women are only allowed to serve as combat fighter pilots, aboard Navy ships and in certain support roles that are likely to expose them to combat situations.

The U.S. Navy announced in April that it intends to open up jobs aboard submarines to women as well.

A 2008 armed forces survey found that 85% of female service members had been deployed to a combat zone or drew extra pay funneled to members of the military who serve in dangerous or hostile areas.

The formal "U.S. policy on utilization of women has been based on old (outdated) Cold War concepts of what wars look like," said Lory Manning of the Washington-based Women's Research and Education Institute.

But "the Australian policy on women has been very similar to the U.S. policy over the years," she added. "It's my guess that the U.S. will be creeping that way too. ... I think (the United States will) at least bring the policy up to match the reality."

Gallery: The Jackson family arrives at the courthouse

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Michael's brother Tito Jackson arrived separately for opening statements.


Crowds surrounded Michael's parents, Katherine and Joe Jackson.

La Toya Jackson entered the L.A. County courthouse this morning for the Conrad Murray trial.

Michael's brother Tito Jackson arrived separately for opening statements.

Transcript of prosecution's Michael Jackson recording

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During his opening statement, prosecutor David Walgren played part of an audio recording of Michael Jackson discussing his upcoming "This Is It" tour.

Walgren says Jackson was “highly under the influence of unknown agents” when Murray made the recording on his iPhone on May 10, 2009.

Here is a transcript of the recording:
“We have to be phenomenal. When people leave this show, when people leave my show, I want them to say, “I’ve never seen anything like this in my life. Go. Go. I’ve never seen nothing like this. Go. It’s amazing. He’s the greatest entertainer in the world. I’m taking that money, a million children, children’s hospital, the biggest in the world, Michael Jackson’s Children’s Hospital.”

Walgren says there is more on the recording, and promises the entire thing will be played later in the trial.

Japan strengthening strategic partnership

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Japan is stepping up cooperation with the Philippines and other Asian countries to establish common rules in business and other fields.

Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihiko Noda and Philippine President Benigno Aquino on Tuesday signed a joint statement on a strategic partnership.

Japan forms this partnership with countries sharing mutual interests such as democracy and a market economy.

The aim is to ensure free navigation in Asian seas and promote cross-border business activities.

The Philippines is the third Asian signatory of the joint statement after Indonesia and Vietnam.

The Japanese government apparently wants to boost cooperation with the signatories to deal with China's increasing maritime activities.

The idea of a strategic partnership is included in the Japan-US joint objectives agreed in June.

Japan intends to boost cooperation with Asian nations at the East Asia Summit scheduled in November.

Pakistani PM criticizes US military action

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Pakistani Prime Minister Yusuf Raza Gilani has criticized US military action in his country.

Gilani told the Reuters news agency on Tuesday that any unilateral military action by the United States to hunt down militants in Pakistan would be a violation of national sovereignty.

He made the remark after senior US officials criticized Pakistan for failing to root out a group of Taliban insurgents.

More than 1,000 people took part in an anti-US rally in the country's largest city, Karachi, on Tuesday.

Gilani plans to summon representatives from Pakistan's political parties on Wednesday to discuss how the nation should deal with the United States.

Bilateral relations became strained after US special forces killed Al Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden in Pakistan in May without giving advance notice to the Pakistani authorities.

Kim Jong Un seems to be consolidating position

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North Korean leader Kim Jong Il's youngest son seems to be consolidating his position as his father's successor one year after he was appointed to a key post.

Kim Jong Un was named vice-chairman of the Central Military Commission of the ruling Korean Workers' Party on September 28th last year.

He has accompanied his father on tours around the country, and they attended a military parade together on North Korea's foundation day on September 9th.

Kim Jong Un joined his father in a meeting with the visiting Laotian President Choummaly Sayasone last Friday.

North Korea's state-run media are releasing photos and videos that focus on the young Kim.

But Kim Jong Un has yet to make any domestic tour on his own or visit other countries. None of his remarks have been published and his recorded voice has not been heard by the public.

The North Korean leadership is expected to publicize his achievements ahead of next year's 100th anniversary of the birth of his grandfather and the country's founder, Kim Il Sung.

N.Korea, Russian province to set up farm project

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North Korea and a province in the Russian Far East have agreed to establish a joint venture to produce food.

A visiting North Korean delegation met the governor of Amur province, Oleg Kozhemyako, on Tuesday.

Provincial government officials said the 2 sides will launch the joint venture next year at the earliest. The company will breed 1,000 cows for meat, 500 goats, and grow wheat and soybeans.

Amur is one of the top agricultural producers in the Russian Far East. Most of the joint venture's output will be exported to North Korea to help ease its serious food shortages.

Last month, North Korean leader Kim Jong Il visited Russia for the first time in 9 years to strengthen ties with the country in the energy and security fields.

Afghanistan bomb explosions kill 18

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Bomb explosions in Afghanistan have killed 18 civilians, including 12 children.

A car bomb went off near a police station in the southern province of Helmand on Tuesday, killing a child and an adult.

In the western province of Herat, a roadside bomb struck a bus returning from a wedding. Sixteen civilians, including 11 children, were killed.

Afghan President Hamid Karzai denounced the killing in a statement, calling it an inhuman and terrorist act.

The United Nations says a record number of 1,462 civilians were killed in the conflict in Afghanistan in the first half of this year.

Shanghai metro, high-speed railway use same system

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The operator of the Shanghai subway says it uses a signal system produced by a company blamed for a fatal railway crash in July.

The president of the subway operator, Yu Guangyao, spoke to reporters on Tuesday after a rear-end collision injured more than 270 people earlier in the day.

The accident on the Number 10 line may have been caused by a flawed signal system. An automatic braking device had failed to work.

A system failure on the same line caused a train to go in the opposite direction in late July. This was only days after the high-speed railway accident killed 40 people in Zhejiang Province.

Yu said the signal maker assured them the problem would not happen again after making repairs.

Shanghai citizens are posting online messages expressing their concerns over the frequent accidents.

Cuban leader criticizes Obama U.N. speech

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Former Cuban leader Fidel Castro ended a long writing hiatus Monday, penning a three-page essay printed in state media slamming U.S. President Barack Obama's speech to the United Nations last week.

"Who understands the gibberish of the President of the United States speaking before the United Nations?" Castro wrote in his so-called "Reflection."

He also accused NATO of "monstrous crimes" in Libya and wrote that in Syria, "Yankee aggression could lead to an even more terrifying massacre than in Libya."It was Castro's first Reflection in almost three months. The 85-year-old former leader has been largely out of view and silent for the last couple of months, fueling renewed speculation about a downturn in his health. His younger brother, Raul Castro, assumed the presidency in 2008 after Fidel Castro had emergency surgery.

Anti-Gadhafi forces take over port in Sirte

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Fierce fighting resulted in Libya's interim government forces advancing Tuesday into the port in Sirte, Moammar Gadhafi's birthplace where the fallen leader still has a following.

Sirte and Bani Walid remain the last two contested places in Libya. NATO said Tuesday that about 200,000 of Libya's roughly 6 million people remain under threat in those two areas.

The seizure of the port followed fierce clashes with Gadhafi fighters, a senior military commander in Tripoli said. The extent of casualties was not immediately known.

Power over the Mediterranean port has changed hands before -- anti-Gadhafi fighters have previously taken the port during the day and retreated at night.

"We consider it contested," said NATO military spokesman Col. Roland Lavoie about Sirte. "So it means that a big part of the town is controlled by Gadhafi forces."

He said National Transitional Council forces have made significant gains in Sirte over the last three days but it would be "premature to go farther than that" in making an assessment.Meanwhile, in the eastern city of Benghazi, transitional council members were meeting for a third day to discuss forming a government.

Council members previously agreed the government should include a premier, a vice premier and 22 ministers.

But an announcement of the new government's creation should be contingent on wresting control of all cities from forces loyal to Gadhafi, said senior council member Abdulrazag Elaradi.

The meetings began Sunday, and the formation of a government could take up to a week.

The council said it will expand as cities are liberated to ensure representation in all regions of the country.

The council announced Saturday that it had advanced into Sirte following 24 hours of NATO aerial bombardments.

"Among the reports emerging from Sirte are executions, hostage-taking and the calculated targeting of individuals, families, and communities within the city," NATO has said. The organization has also pointed to mercenaries employed by the pro-Gadhafi side and civilians denied access to critical food, water and medical care.

The battle for Sirte has been difficult because Gadhafi loyalists have been using snipers and advanced weapons such as machine guns, according to the revolutionary fighters.

Libya: Fierce fighting in Gaddafi stronghold Sirte

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There has been heavy fighting in the Libyan city of Sirte, where armed supporters of the transitional authorities are facing strong resistance from Gaddafi loyalists. A BBC correspondent on the outskirts of the city says the two sides have been exchanging machine-gun fire, rockets and artillery shells.

Many thousands of civilians remain in Sirte, east of the capital, Tripoli.

Humanitarian agencies have expressed concern about the conditions they face.

Sirte remains one of the final strongholds of supporters of the beleaguered colonel, with Bani Walid 250km (155 miles) to the west the only other major city holding out.
Snipers

Hundreds of National Transitional Council (NTC) troops are inside Sirte, but snipers were holding off an advance into the centre of the city, news agency Reuters reported.

For a second day, anti-Gaddafi forces were pinned down at a roundabout about 2km (1.5 miles) from the city centre, it said.

"Gaddafi forces have placed a lot of snipers around the roundabout and it is not easy for us to advance forward until we get rid of the snipers," Ahmed Saleh, an NTC fighter there, told Reuters.

The agency said explosions of artillery rounds and exchanges of small arms fire could be heard, and Nato warplanes were flying overhead.

There have also been clashes at the port.

Humanitarian agencies warn civilians inside Sirte and Bani Walid have appealed for help, saying medical supplies and food are running short.

Once the fighting gets underway and both sides establish front lines, there will be a good indication of whether Sirte will fall quickly or whether it will descend into dangerous urban warfare which would kill and injure many civilians and soldiers, says the BBC's Alastair Leithead in the city.

The fire power and determination of the new Libyan government's army will take Col Gaddafi's home town, he says, but with propaganda saying the rebels want revenge, those defending Sirte may fight to the death thinking they have nothing to lose.

India cap on text messages to deter tele-marketers

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The telecoms regulator in India has put a cap on the number of text messages which can be sent from a mobile phone.

Under the new rules, no-one will be able to send more than 100 texts in a day, officials say.

The ruling is expected to be a big relief for millions of mobile phone users who have to deal with dozens of unsolicited text messages every day.

India has made several attempts in the past to rein in tele-marketing firms who bombard mobile phone users.

A BBC correspondent in Delhi says all the earlier attempts to deal with unwanted commercial messages and calls have been unsuccessful.

Subscribers can currently register their numbers with a "national do not call" list by sending a message to 1909.

In December, India announced plans to impose heavier fines on tele-marketing firms who called or sent text messages to those registered on a "national do not call" list.

The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India (Trai) also barred commercial calls or messages between 9pm and 9am.

But the messages continue to be received late at night, sometimes even at 3am, our correspondent adds.

Many people have complained that they feel harassed by calls and text messages from tele-marketers trying to sell everything from credit cards to real estate to "slim sauna belts for weight loss".

Trai officials say the number of unsolicited commercial calls have come down drastically since the "do not call" registry was launched in 2007, but the number of text messages went up exponentially.

Shanghai train crash injures 200

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A Shanghai subway train has hit the rear end of another train, injuring at least 200 passengers, the train company says.

Most of the injuries were slight, Shanghai Shentong Metro Group Company said after the incident on Line 10.

It happened after signal system failure at one station, China's official Xinhua news agency reported.

The city has rapidly expanded its subway system in recent years and some lines have seen recurring problems.

Tuesday's incident happened near Yu Yuan station in central Shanghai at 14:51 - about 40 minutes after Shanghai Metro reported equipment failures on a train.

At the time of the crash, staff were directing trains manually, Reuters news agency reported.

One passenger said there was a lot of blood in the first carriage of the train.

Streets around the station were cordoned off to allow ambulances through.

A collision between two high-speed overground trains in Wenzhou, eastern China, in July killed 40 people and provoked public outrage about safety standards.

The country's safety chief said serious design flaws were to blame in that case.

Australia lifts ban on women in military combat roles

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Australia has lifted all restrictions on the roles that women can carry out in its armed forces.

Suitably-qualified female soldiers will be able to serve in the special forces and front-line combat units.

Defence Minister Stephen Smith said the ban would be lifted immediately but may take up to five years to implement. Critics described the move as premature and a gimmick.

Canada, New Zealand and Israel already allow women in all military roles.

Australia's military has about 59,000 full-time members, including 1,500 who are serving in Afghanistan.

Currently women are eligible for about 93% of roles, including artillery duties.
'All equal'

With the lifting of the ban, they will be able to fill the remaining 7%, so long as they are physically and psychologically qualified.

As well as combat roles, they will be eligible to serve in special forces units, if they can meet the entry standards.

Mr Smith said the move is "a logical extension to the very strongly held view in Australian society that all of us are equal irrespective of our backgrounds and irrespective of our sex".

He added: "From this day forward... no combat roles, no front-line role will be excluded from an Australian on the basis of his or her sex, it will be open to anyone to apply on the basis of merit.

"This is a significant and major cultural change."

Witnessing lengthy battle for Libyan city

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We were told to be awake and ready to move at 4 a.m. The National Transitional Council fighters we were with were planning to launch a dawn assault on the Saharan city of Sabha.

All predictions indicated it would be one of the bloodiest battles yet. NTC officials said loyalist forces would use weaponry they hadn't used before. They didn't go into detail but it sounded ominous. Western intelligence sources told CNN the fighters in Sabha still loyal to Libya's ousted leader, Moammar Gadhafi, had heavy artillery and would likely use it.

Sabha was frequently described as loyalist and pro-Gadhafi.

The night before the assault there was an edgy, giddy atmosphere on the air base where we were camped along with the force that had traveled more than 600 kilometers from Tripoli.

The fighters were shooting more ordinance than usual into the air, and they flocked to our campsite behind the officer's club, eager to chat, and even more eager to use our satellite telephones.

One after another, they shyly asked if they could make a call. Each one had a special reason for calling -- reassuring parents, a brother getting married, a sick baby daughter, an angry girlfriend.

Many talked about their expectations for the coming day. It would be a bloodbath. It would be easy.

"Maybe I'll die tomorrow, I'm ready for it," declared Mohamed, a toothy young man from Sabha who had spent several years in Manchester, England, where he had picked up the local accent.

"But if I don't die, you are all welcome to stay at my house in Sabha."Mohamed, like many of the fighters from Sabha, insisted most of the people in his home town sided with the revolution. But there was concern about possible resistance from members of Gadhafi's Gadadfa tribe.

Despite a month of impressive advances by the anti-Gadhafi forces, it's clear not everyone has gone over to the revolution.

That afternoon we had gone into the nearby town of Birak Al-Shati. I had seen scattered green flags flying over some of the houses earlier in the day. Unlike other towns we had been through, few people in Birak Al-Shati waved or flashed the v-for-victory sign. They just glared at us.

As CNN's Cairo camerawoman Mary Rogers was taking pictures of the town, a car drove up to me in the town's main roundabout.

The driver, a young man in his early 20s, shouted to me: "Allah, Moammar, Libya, wa bas" -- (God, Moammar and Libya only) -- the standard slogan of Gadhafi supporters, then began to pull away.

"Wait," I told him. "Talk to me. We've been speaking to pro-revolutionaries (Gadhafi opponents), but not your type."

In the passenger seat sat a boy, maybe 10-years old, who repeated the slogan several times, pumping his fists in the air.

"No camera," the driver told me. "Everyone around here feels the same, but we're afraid to say anything with all these thuwar (revolutionaries) around." He then drove away.

I crossed the street to a cigarette shop where there were about half a dozen people inside.

The shopkeeper, a chunky man in his early 20s wearing a jalabiya, echoed the same sentiments. As did another man, who identified himself as Jamal, a businessman.

"If there were free elections here, and we had a choice between voting for Gadhafi or the new regime in Tripoli, 90% would vote for Gadhafi," he said. "And none of this would have happened if NATO wasn't bombing Libya."

A young fighter with an AK-47 walked into the shop to buy cigarettes. Surprisingly, the discussion over the new Libya carried on.

"We don't want these guys here," he said, pointing to the fighter. "They are going around, breaking into houses, stealing people's possessions. That's what they did to my cousin's house."

"If that's what happened, your cousin deserved it," replied the fighter, who said he was from Tripoli.

By now a fairly large crowd had gathered to listen and take part in the conversation. Suddenly a man pushed through the crowd and grabbed Jamal by the shoulder.

"Get out of here and stop talking like that!" he shouted, clearly angry, pushing Jamal out of the shop. "Are you an idiot?"

It was getting tense, so I stepped out of the shop.

"Don't worry," the shopkeeper told me. "It's his brother. He just doesn't want trouble."

As I stepped to the side of the road, anther car drove up, this time with three occupants wearing baseball caps emblazoned with the pro-Gadhafi Libyan flag. When I peered into the car, I saw that the driver had a bottle of clear brown liquid in his lap. In the back seat a teenager with a machine gun in his lap was rolling a joint.

"We are the revolutionaries of Birak Al-Shati," the driver said, a big grin on his face.

"What's that?" I asked him, pointing to the bottle.

"Whiskey!" he proudly declared. "You want some?"

I declined. I knew we had a big day ahead of us.

Although we had been told to be awake and ready to go at 4 a.m., I woke up two hours later. Having spent much of the last seven months in Libya, I knew these guys were not strong on punctuality. We ended up leaving the base around 10 a.m. behind the ambulances, and met the main body of fighters heading to Sabha.

An hour later, after an uneventful drive though the desert, we arrived on the outskirts of Sabha. I could see some smoke on the horizon, but could hear no gunfire. Small clumps of people by the side of the road were cheering and waving. Driving further into the city, the crowds grew larger. There was gunfire but it was all in the air, the ubiquitous celebratory gunfire.

Up above, a man tore down the green flag from the city's main water tower and sent it fluttering to the ground.

We were the only journalists in Sabha. Wherever we stopped cheering crowds mobbed us. Most asked if we were with Al-Jazeera.

The huge, bloody battle for Sabha wasn't to be. No one was disappointed.

"We are now in Sabha and we were not expecting this," one of the doctors shouted. "This is the best moment of my life."

There was fighting, of course, in the Sabha neighborhood of Manshiya. We watched as cars and ambulances rushed to the emergency ward in the city's main hospital. It was pandemonium. The medical team we had traveled with arrived at the hospital just minutes before the first casualties began to arrive.

Along with the wounded, came the dead, more than 10 in the two hours we were at the hospital. Suddenly the bravado of the young fighters was gone when they drove up with the bodies of their dead comrades.

They cried like children in one another's arms. Others just sat on the curb and wept quietly as their friends tried to console them. For many it was their first real encounter with combat. Others vowed to carry on the fight and avenge their friends.

By contrast, the loyalist dead were received without fanfare. A pickup drove up to the main entrance to the hospital with two bodies covered with a light blue cloth splayed in the back. On the side of the pickup truck the fighters were smug with satisfaction.

"We killed the rats," one told me, pointing his gun toward the bodies at his feet.

That night we slept next to a NATO-bombed VIP guesthouse at the airport, which had become the main base for the hundreds of NTC fighters who had taken part in the conquest of Sabha.

The next morning we ventured out into the city. Mid-morning, and there were few people out on the streets, and still plenty of green flags. In front of the administration building at Sabha University, a still intact portrait of Gadhafi featuring the odd slogan, "High you are above every ceiling, proud you are above every height."

Within minutes, a group of gunmen showed up, backing their pickup up to the poster, which they proceeded to rip apart with a knife.

We then went to Al-Gurda, a tight neighborhood composed of families from all over Libya. People look after their neighbors, keep an eye out for strangers, and never, as residents told us, dabbled in the dangerous business of politics.

The streets are dusty, the asphalt crumbling. The roads in this corner of Sabha were paved once, in the 1980s and never since, they told me.

We sat down with the neighborhood men, each one cradling his machine gun. They explained that the last straw was when armed strangers -- they called mercenaries -- arrived on their street.

"We shot one, he died right over there," one of the men told me, pointing to the corner. He then showed me the video of the dying man he had shot on his cell phone.

Dentist Abdel Majid Tijani said he had learned to use a gun in school.

Gadhafi "forced us to train on this," he said, patting his AK-47 assault rifle. "He intended to change us to fighters to fight for his dreams in Africa and in other places. But God decided the reverse. He forced us to train on this thing to fight him."

Afterwards, we went to the nearby home of Khadija Tahir, a strong-willed English teacher at Sabha University. I asked her why Sabha, despite its reputation for being a Gadhafi stronghold, had fallen to the opposition in less than 24 hours.

People "realized that this man is not right. So many people came 180 degrees from being pro-Gadhafi to protesting Gadhafi," she told me. "The other reason is that people got fed up -- lack of electricity, lack of water. So they wanted to get out of this situation. I am one of them."

Powerful Typhoon Nesat hits Philippines

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A powerful typhoon has struck the Philippines, triggering floods and cutting power in the capital Manila and throughout the main island, Luzon.

Typhoon Nesat also forced the closure of the Philippine Stock Exchange and the US embassy, and the ground floor of Manila's main hospital was flooded.

At least seven people have been killed, including several children.

As Nesat approached, the authorities ordered the evacuation of more than 100,000 in central Albay province.

The typhoon is expected to continue slowly across the country, before blowing across the South China Sea towards southern China on Thursday.Crushed

Nesat made landfall just before dawn on Tuesday in the eastern Isabela and Aurora provinces on the Pacific coast.

The storm - with a diameter of 650km (400 miles) and wind gusts of up to 170km/h (105mph) - is now making its way across Luzon, the BBC's Kate McGeown in the central Luzon province of Zambales reports.

Many roads have been flooded and flights cancelled, and local media are urging people against non-essential travel, our correspondent says.

An adult and three children were crushed to death as a building collapsed in a northern Manila suburb on Tuesday, AFP news agency quoted the Office of Civil Defence as saying.

Two men were said to have died north of the capital in a landslide and weather-induced accident.

There is waist-deep flooding in parts of the capital. Reporters described huge waves crashing into Manila Bay's seawall, with water overflowing into Roxas Boulevard and flooding streets and parks around the US embassy, which was evacuated.

The ground floor of Manila hospital was flooded, and staff were forced to move patients to the first floor.

"We've heard of Manila Hospital being flooded, but we're struggling to reach the area even though we've co-ordinated with them already to help in an evacuation plan," Philippine National Red Cross secretary general Gwen Pang told AFP.

A five-star hotel was also evacuated, reports said.

Meanwhile, thousands of residents living inland along the Marikana river were evacuated as it threatened to overflow.

Government offices, schools and universities were closed.

In Isabela province, four coastal towns under threat from storm surges have been evacuated.

Four fishermen are missing, and more than 50 more have been rescued after their boats capsized in rough seas.

There are fears that the death toll may rise further.

Late on Monday, the first reported casualty of the typhoon was a baby who fell into a swollen river in the eastern province of Catanduanes.Earlier, about 110,000 people in several towns of the Albay province were ordered to leave their homes and seek shelter elsewhere.

"We can't manage typhoons, but we can manage their effects," provincial Governor Joey Salceda was quoted as saying by the Associated Press.

The Philippines suffers frequent typhoons, about 20 a year, but Nesat is thought to be the largest this year.

It comes almost exactly two years after Typhoon Ketsana killed more than 400 people.

Japan to freeze fast-breeder reactor project

Monday, September 26, 2011 0 comments


Japan is likely to freeze a research and development project related to putting a fast-breeder nuclear reactor into practical use.

The education, science and technology ministry plans to request more than 20 billion yen, or about 260 million dollars, in its 2012 budget to maintain and manage the troubled prototype fast-breeder Monju reactor. This is roughly the same amount budgeted for the project as in the current fiscal year.

But the ministry is planning to ask for only 20 to 30 percent of the 10 billion yen, or about 130 million dollars, allocated in the current fiscal year for research and development on the project.

This is due to uncertainty over Japan's future nuclear policy in the wake of the accident in Fukushima.

Fast-breeder reactors run on recycled spent fuel as the core of a nuclear fuel-recycling program. Japan has been conducting research to put such a reactor to practical use by 2050. Test runs are now under way at the Monju experimental reactor in Tsuruga City, Fukui Prefecture.

Following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, the government has been reviewing its basic energy plan, making its future nuclear policy unclear.

The ministry says it has concluded that it cannot proceed with the project when it is unclear which way the government's energy policy will go.

Ozawa aides found guilty

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A Tokyo court has found 3 former aides of one-time Democratic Party leader Ichiro Ozawa guilty in connection with a political funding scandal.

The 3 defendants, including Lower House member Tomohiro Ishikawa, were indicted for falsifying accounting reports for Ozawa's fund-management body in a 5.2-million-dollar land purchase.

Prosecutors had said the aides falsified the reports to cover up illicit political donations from a construction firm. The defendants denied the allegations.

Presiding Judge Ikuro Toishi said on Monday that general contractors were rigging bids for public works projects in the Tohoku region, which includes Ozawa's constituency of Iwate Prefecture.

He said the lawmaker's office had great influence over projects in the region.

The judge determined that 2 of the defendants received about 1.3 million dollars from a construction firm in return for helping it win a dam project. He said that although the 2 denied the allegations, the evidence shows that they did indeed receive the money.

He also said the money for the land purchase came from Ozawa himself, but the defendants falsified the political funding reports because if the truth was revealed, they would have to say how Ozawa got the money.

The judge handed down suspended sentences of one to 3 years for all the defendants.

Ozawa has also been indicted in the funding scandal. Monday's ruling is likely to affect his trial, which is due to start in October.

One of the defendants, Lower House lawmaker Tomohiro Ishikawa, said he will appeal the ruling.

Ishikawa criticized the court for making what he calls one-sided speculations on points of contention, which the prosecutors did not even make.

Later, speaking at a news conference, the lawmaker denied receiving money from a construction firm the court recognized in the ruling.

He added that he will continue to serve as a Diet member.

Ishikawa said he cannot forget the word's of one prosecutor who said during the interrogation that the truth and results from court trials are different.

Prosecutors said the guilty ruling is the right decision and they are satisfied that the court upheld their position.

Ishikawa to appeal ruling

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One of the defendants, Lower House lawmaker Tomohiro Ishikawa, said he will appeal the ruling.

Ishikawa criticized the court for making what he calls one-sided speculations on points of contention, which the prosecutors did not even make.

Later, speaking at a news conference, the lawmaker denied receiving money from a construction firm the court recognized in the ruling.

He added that he will continue to serve as a Diet member.

Ishikawa said he cannot forget the word's of one prosecutor who said during the interrogation that the truth and results from court trials are different.

Prosecutors said the guilty ruling is the right decision and they are satisfied that

City assembly calls on shutdown of Hamaoka plant

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A city assembly in central Japan has adopted a resolution calling on the permanent shutdown of a local nuclear power plant unless its safety is guaranteed.

The Makinohara City Assembly in Shizuoka Prefecture adopted the resolution on Monday. The city is located within 10 kilometers from the Hamaoka nuclear plant.

Mayor Shigeki Nishihara said he views the resolution seriously and shares the assembly's concern for the safety of the city's residents. He also said automaker Suzuki is considering moving its factories out of the prefecture because of the risk of a nuclear accident.

Chubu Electric, the plant operator, says it will do all it can to improve the safety of the Hamaoka plant.

As part of a nationwide government mandate, 3 of the plant's 5 reactors went offline following the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear plant. The 2 other reactors had already been shut down for decommissioning.

Chubu Electric is now building a breakwater to improve safety measures against future tsunami. It hopes to resume operations of the 3 reactors.

The utility had previously signed a pact to assure nuclear power plant safety with Makinohara and 3 other cities within 10 kilometers from the plant, as well as the prefecture.

The prefecture usually approves a plant's operation if local municipalities give their consent.

Monday's resolution is likely to affect the utility's plan to restart the reactors.

World Architecture Congress opens in Tokyo

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A major international convention on architecture has opened in Tokyo on the theme of "Design 2050--Beyond Disasters, through Solidarity, towards Sustainability".

This is the first time Japan has hosted the event, called "The World Congress of Architecture," which is held every 3 years.

The opening ceremony took place on Monday morning, with the attendance of the Emperor and Empress of Japan.

The President of the International Union of Architects, Louise Cox, said she wants the participants to have many discussions on building a better, more sustainable and human world for all.

The main theme of the latest congress is designing structures capable of overcoming various challenges, including natural disasters. This is in response to the earthquake and tsunami that struck Japan on March 11th.

Symposiums, lectures and exhibitions will be held at about 100 places across Japan. Some of the events are open to the public and free of charge.

Tours will be organized to view the construction technologies used to build Tokyo Sky Tree, which will be the tallest broadcasting tower in the world when it is completed in the spring of 2012.

The president of the UIA2011 Tokyo Japan Organizing Board, Yoshiaki Ogura, said he wants the conference to address what architecture can do to deal with a variety of challenges, including earthquakes and environmental problems.

Bank shares rally on hopes of eurozone debt deal

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European bank shares have risen as investors react to the latest attempts to stabilise the eurozone debt crisis.

A number of measures are being discussed according to reports from the weekend's international meeting in Washington.

They are expected to involve a 50% write-down of Greece's massive government debt, the BBC's business editor Robert Peston says.

French and German bank shares were up 10% at one stage in Monday trading.

European governments hope to have measures agreed in five to six weeks, in time for a meeting of the leaders of the G20 group in Cannes at the beginning of November.

But EU officials in Brussels stress that they should not be seen as "a single grand plan", the BBC's correspondent Chris Morris says.

The measures being discussed are:

Institutions that have lent money to Athens writing off about 50% of the money they are owed
The size of the eurozone bailout fund, the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), increasing dramatically to 2 trillion euros (£1.7tn; $2.7tn)
Strengthening big European banks that could be hit by any defaults on national debt obligations.

However, on Monday evening AFP reported that German Finance Minister Wolfgang Schaeuble had told television news channel NTV that there was no plan to boost the size of the EFSF.

"We are giving it the tools so it can work if necessary," Mr Schaeuble was reported as saying.

"Then we will use it effectively but we do not have the intention of boosting its volume."Pan-Europe gains

Uncertainty over how to tackle Greece's problems has led to some European bank shares losing half their value in recent months due to concerns about their holdings of Greek debt.

But on Monday, French banks, which are particularly exposed to Greece, rallied, with BNP Paribas and Societe Generale up 4% and 5.4% respectively, and Credit Agricole up 3.7%.

China's richest man Liang Wengen may join ruling elite

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China's richest man is set to join the ruling Communist Party's Central Committee, media reports say.

If Liang Wengen, 55, is chosen by the party's 2012 congress, he will be the first entrepreneur to join the body, which in effect rules the country.

The BBC's Martin Patience in Beijing says this would be a hugely symbolic shift in the party's view of business.

Construction magnate Mr Liang topped both the Forbes and Hurun rich lists with a wealth of more than $9bn (£6bn).

The media reports said he had completed a vetting procedure for the 300-strong body and was on track for approval by the congress in October next year.

Our correspondent says China's wealthy are increasingly being courted by the party, which only started allowing businessmen into its ranks a decade ago.

Mr Liang's company Sany, which manufactures cranes and excavators, has benefited in recent years from China's building boom.

Boeing delivering first 787 Dreamliner

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US planemaker Boeing is officially delivering its first 787 Dreamliner to Japan's All Nippon Airways (ANA), after three years of delays.

The Dreamliner had originally been scheduled for delivery in 2008, but Boeing has suffered a string of setbacks, the latest being an onboard fire during test flights in January.

The fuel-efficient plane is made from lightweight composite materials.

Boeing plans to make 10 of the planes a month from 2013.

The plane is being presented to ANA at a ceremony in Everett, Washington, before being flown to Tokyo where it will arrive on Wednesday.

Boeing chairman and chief executive James McNerney said: "Today we celebrate a sign moment in the history of flight."

In a light-hearted nod to the delays that have befallen the 787 project, he thanked ANA's president Shinichiro Ito for "waiting for this day".
'Long journey'

Boeing says the twin-aisle, mid-size plane features the industry's largest windows, with higher cabin humidity and cleaner air - all of which combine to allow passengers to arrive at their destinations more refreshed.

But the problems with the Dreamliner have damaged Boeing's reputation, and the company will hope a successful launch will help put to bed some of the memories of the delays it suffered.

Boeing's vice president of marketing, Randy Tinseth, told the BBC: "This is a programme that has been a long journey. We believe it is going to be a great aeroplane."Ultimately we see the potential of thousands of 787 orders in the future."Questioned on the delay to the 787 programme, Mr Tinseth added that "there are risks with every new aeroplane".

He said: "We've spent more money on this aeroplane than we anticipated, but again we're still in a position where we are not in a forward loss situation, we believe the programme will continue to be profitable."

Production of the Dreamliner is currently running at about 2.5 planes a month.
Airbus rival

So far Boeing has 821 orders for the 787, which it says is 20% more fuel efficient than similar-sized current planes.

Seating a maximum of 290 passengers in the largest 787-9 version, the 787 is much smaller than Boeing's 747 jumbo jet.

However, Boeing considers that the 787 will prove popular with airlines, as it will enable them to fly directly to more smaller airports.

Boeing's European rival Airbus is currently developing a direct competitor to the 787, the Airbus A350 XWB.
Comparison between the Boeing 787 and the Airbus A350

Airbus has more than 550 orders for the A350 XWB, but the plane is not due to enter service until 2013.

ANA intends to start flying its first 787 on a domestic route between Tokyo and Okayama-Hiroshima on 11 November.

It will then put the plane on an international service from Tokyo to Frankfurt in Germany in January.

Bolivian police break up Amazon road protest march

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Bolivian police have broken up a long-distance march by indigenous protesters who oppose plans to build a road through a rainforest reserve.

Officers wielding truncheons and firing tear gas moved in on the demonstrators' camp, taking people away in buses.

President Evo Morales says the road is vital for development but has offered to hold a referendum on the issue.

Hundreds of people set off last month to march to La Paz but were stopped at Yucomo, with 250km (155 miles) to go.

An estimated 500 police officers moved in late on Sunday afternoon on a camp set up by the marchers.

Protest leaders said dozens of people had been driven away and their whereabouts were unknown.

Local police chief Oscar Munoz said the people were being taken back to their hometowns.

The Bolivian ombudsman, Rolando Villena, criticised what he said was excessive use of force by the police.

"Injured children, disappeared mothers who didn't want to separate from their children - this does not talk well about our democracy. This is not democracy," he said.

Deforestation

The clashes came a day after protesters had briefly held the foreign minister, David Choquehuanca, forcing him to walk with them.

Mr Choquehuanca, who had come to negotiate with the protesters, said the fact that he was freed showed "they want to resolve matters through dialogue".

Eurozone rescue plan 'emerging' as IMF and Greece talk

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The outline of a large and ambitious eurozone rescue plan is taking shape, reports from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) in Washington suggest.

It is expected to involve a 50% write-down of Greece's massive government debt, the BBC's business editor Robert Peston says.

The plan also envisages an increase in the size of the eurozone bailout fund to 2 trillion euros (£1.7tn; $2.7tn).

European governments hope to have measures agreed in five to six weeks.

Turning the present outline into a practical reality will be immensely difficult, our editor says.

But he adds that the price of failure could be a financial crisis that would probably turn anaemic growth into a recession or worse.

Investors have so far been unimpressed with the speed at which policymakers have dealt with the eurozone debt crisis, and analysts say that action, not words, are needed to calm volatile stock markets.

Putin 'will not end Russia impasse' - Gorbachev

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Ex-USSR leader Mikhail Gorbachev has warned Russia risks wasting six years if PM Vladimir Putin returns to the presidency in March as expected.

Reacting to the news Mr Putin will run for office in 2012, Mr Gorbachev said Russia was at an "impasse" and that he doubted Mr Putin could bring change.

Mr Putin told a ruling United Russia party congress on Saturday he would stand again.

If he is elected, current President Dmitry Medvedev may replace him as PM.

Mr Putin served two terms as president before Mr Medvedev took over in 2008. He was barred by the constitution from running for a third consecutive term.

Mr Gorbachev said he hoped Mr Putin's move would provide an incentive for the leadership to get Russia out of the "impasse" it was in, but that this was unlikely as it was he who had created the current situation.

"We can assume that there will be no movement forward if there are not serious changes along the lines of a replacement of the entire system," he wrote in the opposition Novaya Gazeta newspaper, which he partly owns.

"Without this we could lose six years. I think that the future president needs to think about this very seriously."

2 die in U.S. Embassy shooting incident in Kabul

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An Afghan employee of the U.S. Embassy in Afghanistan opened fire Sunday evening in a CIA annex at the embassy, killing a U.S. citizen, a U.S. government official said.

Security personnel used a flash-bang round to stun the shooter and then killed him, the official said.

The gunman shot indiscriminately, and he is not believed to have targeted the victim, who was working for the U.S. government, the official said. People went running for cover.

One or two civilians suffered minor wounds, the official said, speaking to CNN on condition of anonymity due to the sensitive nature of the information and the ongoing investigation.
Afghanistan has been the site of several high-profile attacks of late, including the killing of ex-President Burhanuddin Rabbani.
Afghanistan has been the site of several high-profile attacks of late, including the killing of ex-President Burhanuddin Rabbani.

Investigators are looking into whether the shooter was a disgruntled employee or whether he was inspired by militants.

All Afghan employees go through a background security check and must pass through a metal detector each time they enter the embassy, the official said.

"We have no information as to whether the individual was authorized to carry a weapon or if he seized a weapon," the official said.

Afghan troops guard the outer perimeter of the embassy, while embassy contractors and members of the U.S. military guard the inside.

Embassy spokesman Gavin Sundwall said the Afghan employee, a lone gunman, killed a U.S. citizen and wounded another. The wounded American was evacuated to a military hospital with non-life threatening injuries.

"The motivation of the attack is still under investigation," he said.

The annex area is known as a place where embassy personnel both live and work, some in intelligence operations. A CIA spokeswoman declined to comment on the attack.

Afghanistan has been the site of several high-profile attacks of late, including strikes at the NATO headquarters and the U.S. Embassy in Kabul and the assassination of former Afghan President Burhanuddin Rabbani. Rabbani had been leading efforts for reconciliation talks.

The latest shooting is not believed to be related to any other recent attacks in Kabul, the U.S. government official said.

Jamaica Prime Minister Bruce Golding 'will step down'

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The governing party in Jamaica has announced that Prime Minister Bruce Golding will step down in November.

A statement by the Labour Party said that the challenges of the last four years in power had taken their toll on Mr Golding and that he would make way for a new leader from within the party.

Mr Golding came to power in 2007.

He was criticised for opposing the extradition to the United States of the Jamaican drug baron Christopher "Dudus" Coke, before reversing his decision.

Mr Golding is expected to step down once a new party leader has been elected. The leader of the governing party automatically becomes the new prime minister.

For nine months, Mr Golding resisted the extradition of Christopher Coke, wanted in the US on suspicion of leading an international drugs and guns network thought to span the US and Canada.

Mr Golding finally agreed to Coke's extradition in May 2010.

He also admitted his party had sanctioned the hiring of a US law firm suspected of lobbying Washington on behalf of Mr Coke in an attempt to get the US authorities to drop the extradition request.

Coke pleaded guilty to racketeering charges in a New York court last month.

He will be sentenced in December and could face up to 23 years in prison.

Boeing to deliver first 787 Dreamliner

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US planemaker Boeing is to deliver its first 787 Dreamliner later on Monday to Japan's All Nippon Airways, after three years of delays.

The Dreamliner had originally been scheduled for delivery in 2008 but Boeing has suffered a string of setbacks, the latest being an onboard fire during test flights in January.

The fuel-efficient plane is made from lightweight composite materials.

Boeing plans to make 10 of the planes per month from 2013.

The plane will be delivered in Everett, Washington before being flown to Tokyo, where it is scheduled to arrive on Wednesday.

Boeing says the single-aisle plane features the industry's largest windows, a lower cabin altitude and cleaner air - all of which combine to allow passengers to arrive at their destinations more refreshed.

But the problems with the Dreamliner have damaged Boeing's reputation and the company will hope a successful launch will help put to bed some of the memories of the delays it suffered.

Saj Ahmad, analyst at FBE Aerospace, said Boeing lost oversight of its production system, leading to the string of "embarrassing delays and increased project costs".

"Boeing's saving grace is that the fuel-efficient 787 family represents a stunning technological breakthrough unseen in the history of aviation and lays the foundation for the way in which all future generations of planes will be built - using stronger, lighter materials such as composites rather than traditional aluminium, steel and other metals."

But he added: "Make no mistake - handing over the first 787 does not in any way mean or represent Boeing turning a corner in its troubled flagship programme."

Iraqi terror attack kills at least 15

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Rival jet makers await Japan's decision

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US praises Saudi move to allow women to vote

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The United States has welcomed Saudi Arabia's decision to give women the right to vote. The White House said in a statement that it is an important step forward in women's rights in the country.

President Barack Obama and his administration have embraced the popular movement toward democracy in the Arab world.

The US government, however, has been criticized for inconsistency in its Arab policies over its longtime support of the oil-rich and ultra-conservative Saudi Arabian kingdom, where women are subject to many restrictions.

3 models to be offered as Japan's new fighter jet

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Rival jet makers await Japan's decision

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US and European fighter jet makers are competing fiercely to win the contract to sell their products to Japan.

The companies believe that Japan's selection will affect the decisions of Brazil, Turkey and other emerging economies, which are planning to introduce large numbers of fighter jets in the near future.

European makers are offering their Eurofighter model and believe Japan, which has used US jets, is key to expanding business worldwide.

The United States, meanwhile, does not regard Japan as just a customer. It sees orders from Japan as proof of a bilateral strong alliance.

US President Barack Obama says that US and Japan form a rare alliance as the closest friends and allies.

The United States thinks if Japan buys fighter jets, the main players in Japan's defense, from countries other than the US, it will have a deleterious effect on the two countries' relations.

All participants are cautiously watching what Japan will do, as its next generation of fighter jets will play a main role in the country's air defense for decades to come.

Saudi women will be allowed to vote

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Women in Saudi Arabia will be given the right to vote and to run for office.

It is the first time that women will be able to take part in politics in the conservative, Islamic, and tightly-controlled society run by men.

King Abdullah announced on Sunday that women will be allowed to vote and stand as candidates for municipal councils beginning with the election scheduled in 2015.

He also said that for the first time women will be appointed in the Shura Council, the equivalent of the national assembly, as members.

Saudi women using the internet have been demanding the right to participate in politics as the Arab world has seen an increasing movement toward democracy.

Local women's rights organizations welcomed the King's announcement, calling it a significant step forward in advancing women's participation in society.

Recently some Saudi women defied the law and began driving even though they are not allowed to have a driver's license.

Suicide bomber attacks church in Java, killing 2

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A blast has occurred at a church in the Indonesian island of Java, killing 2 and injuring more than 20 people. One of the dead is the suspected suicide bomber.

The Indonesian security authorities say that there was an explosion near the entrance of a church in the central Javanese city of Solo around 11:00 AM on Sunday, shortly after a holiday service ended.

One of the dead is a man who appears to be around 30 years old. The local police suspect he detonated a device he had strapped to his body, given that his abdomen was badly injured.

Police are in the process of identifying the man and investigating the background of the attack.

Two foreign-affiliated hotels in Jakarta were attacked with explosives almost simultaneously in July in 2009, killing 9 people. Since that time no major terrorist attacks have occurred in the country until now.

Newspaper hit by tsunami won award

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A newspaper which continued publishing after it had lost its printing press in the March 11th earthquake and tsunami has won a special award.

The Ishinomaki Hibi Shimbun, a daily newspaper in Ishinomaki city, Miyagi prefecture, was awarded a special citation by the International Press Institute during its world congress and general assembly in Taipei on Sunday.

IPI, headquartered in Austria, decided to give the special award to the daily for its efforts, under difficult conditions, to provide news to the disaster victims.

The 6 reporters wrote the news with pens on big sheets of paper because they could not use computers as the power was out.

The handwritten newspaper was posted at various locations including shelters and a town hall.

It provided information about the extent of the damage and survival information badly needed by those who were affected by the earthquake and tsunami.

For six days, beginning the day after the disaster, the company released handwritten newspapers until they could use computers to print the paper.

Iraqi terror attack kills at least 15

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Four successive blasts hit the Iraqi city of Karbala on Sunday, killing at least 15 people and wounding more than 100.

The first bomb, attached to a motorbike, exploded at a local government building.

Three other detonations went off shortly afterward as people gathered to help those who were wounded by the first explosion.

Police say that when the blasts occurred many citizens were at the government building to apply for passports or for other processes.

On September 12th an armed group attacked buses carrying Shia pilgrims, killing 22. They were returning to the major Shia holy city of Karbala.

Police suspect that Sunday's explosions were carried out by an extremist group amid confrontations between Shia and Sunni Muslims.

The United States will withdraw its troops from Iraq by the end of December.

Saudi king: Women will be allowed to vote and run for office

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Women in Saudi Arabia will be allowed to vote and run for office in future municipal elections, King Abdullah announced Sunday.

In an address on Saudi state TV, the king said women will be allowed to nominate candidates for the next set of municipal elections. Although he did not use the word "vote," allowing women to take part in the nomination process would amount to voting within Saudi Arabia's system.

The country is holding municipal elections Thursday for the only the second time in nearly 50 years. The changes the king announced would go into effect for the next set of elections -- and it is unclear when those might take place.

Saudi women's rights activist Wajeha Al-Huwaider called the announcement "great news."

"Women's voices will be heard finally," she said. "Now it's time to remove other barriers like not allowing women to drive cars and not being able to function and live a normal life without a male guardian."

The White House also hailed the announcement.

"We welcome Saudi King Abdullah's announcement today that women will serve as full members of the Shura Council in the next session, and will have the right to participate in future elections," it said in a statement. "These reforms recognize the significant contributions women in Saudi Arabia make to their society and will offer them new ways to participate in the decisions that affect their lives and communities." The move, according to the White House, is "an important step forward in expanding the rights of women in Saudi Arabia."

King Abdullah's announcement followed increasing pressure on Saudi Arabia to allow women to vote.

"Since we reject to marginalize the role of women in the Saudi society, in every field of works, according to the (Islamic) Sharia guidelines, and after consultations with many of our scholars, especially those in the senior scholars council, and others, who have expressed the preference for this orientation, and supported this trend, we have decided the following," the king said, according to an English translation of his remarks released by the Saudi government.

First, he announced, women will be allowed to participate in the Shura council, the Consultative Council appointed by the king.

The U.S. State Department says there are already some women on the 150-member Consultative Council. In 2010, "the number of female advisers on the Consultative Council increased from 10 to 13," the U.S. State Department said in its human rights report on Saudi Arabia, citing "local sources."

The king also announced Sunday that, "As of the next session, women will have the right to nominate themselves for membership of Municipal Councils, and also have the right to participate in the nomination of candidates with the Islamic guidelines."

Elections for those councils were held in 2005 for the first time since 1963. Only men were eligible to vote, the U.S. State Department says.

Another set of elections was scheduled for 2009 but was delayed repeatedly -- ultimately being scheduled for this week.

Earlier this year, Saudi women activists wrote the government requesting that women be allowed to vote and be candidates in the municipal elections, according to the U.S. Library of Congress.

Saudi Arabia's "Minister of Municipality and Rural Affairs declared that Saudi women will not be able to either run or vote in this election," the Library of Congress reported on its blog. "According to news reports, the Minister stated that the ban on women's participation is due to the lack of segregated voting facilities."

When election centers opened in April for voters to register, some groups of women turned up and were turned away. It was one of the first public acts of the "Saudi Women Revolution," a movement set up to campaign for the end of Saudi Arabia's discriminatory laws.

In June, a number of Saudi women took to the streets -- in cars -- to demand the right for women to drive and travel freely in the country.

There are no specific traffic laws that make it illegal for women to drive in Saudi Arabia. However, religious edicts are often interpreted as a prohibition of female drivers. Such edicts also prevent women from opening bank accounts, obtaining passports or even going to school without the presence of a male guardian.

Authorities stopped Manal al Sharif, 32, for driving a car May 21 and detained her the next day. She said she was forced to sign a form promising not to drive again and spent a week in jail. Her case became a rallying cry for women activists.

 
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